How to Create a Nurse Resume in Canada in 2026: For Canadian and Internationally Educated Nurses

Nursing in Canada remains one of the most in-demand professions in 2026, with critical shortages persisting across hospitals, long-term care facilities, community health centres, and specialized care settings. Whether you trained in Canada or earned your credentials internationally, your resume is the most important tool you have to secure a position in this competitive market.

A great nursing resume is more than a list of jobs and duties. It needs to present your clinical competencies, professional qualifications, and patient care experience in a format that is easy for hiring managers to read and optimized for applicant tracking systems. For internationally educated nurses, it also needs to translate your experience into terms that Canadian employers recognize and value within their hiring systems.

This guide will walk you through provincial licensing requirements, what Canadian employers look for in 2026, how to present your nursing experience effectively, and how to tailor your resume for different healthcare settings.

Understanding Canada's Nursing Shortage in 2026

The nursing shortage in Canada has deepened since the pandemic. Statistics Canada reported that job vacancies for registered nurses reached 28,335 in early 2023, surpassing all other occupations in the Canadian labour market. Pre-pandemic forecasting models estimated shortages exceeding 100,000 nurses nationwide by 2030, and recent data suggests these projections were conservative.

Ontario continues to have the worst RN-to-population ratio in Canada for the ninth consecutive year. Approximately 2.5 million Ontarians lack access to a primary care provider, with that number expected to increase to 4.4 million by the end of 2026. Nurse practitioners are crucial to resolving the primary care crisis, but much larger investments in education, recruitment, and retention are required.

This shortage creates genuine opportunities for qualified nurses, but it also means hiring systems are working harder to screen candidates quickly. Your resume must work within these systems to get in front of decision-makers.

Provincial Licensing Requirements in 2026

Before you apply for nursing roles, you must be licensed or in the process of obtaining licensure with your provincial or territorial regulator. Each province has its own requirements, though many follow similar patterns.

Ontario
Regulated by the College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO). Requires passing the NCLEX-RN or REx-PN, completing the Jurisprudence Exam, meeting language proficiency standards (Canadian English Language Benchmarks Assessment for Nurses or International English Language Testing System), and showing recent nursing practice or education within the past three years.

British Columbia
Regulated by the British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives (BCCNM). Requires NCLEX-RN or CPNRE, criminal record check, English language proficiency, and fulfillment of practice hour requirements.

Alberta
Regulated by the College of Registered Nurses of Alberta (CRNA). Requires NCLEX-RN, English proficiency, criminal record check, and completion of jurisprudence education modules.

Saskatchewan
Regulated by the College of Registered Nurses of Saskatchewan (CRNS). Requires NCLEX-RN, continuing competence requirements, and liability insurance.

Manitoba
Regulated by the College of Registered Nurses of Manitoba (CRNM). Requires NCLEX-RN, criminal record check, English proficiency, and proof of competence.

Quebec
Regulated by the Ordre des infirmières et infirmiers du Québec (OIIQ). Requires passing the OIIQ licensing exam, French language proficiency, and completion of a professional integration period. Quebec operates under different regulatory requirements than other provinces.

Nova Scotia
Regulated by the Nova Scotia College of Nursing (NSCN). Requires NCLEX-RN or CPNRE, jurisprudence exam, language proficiency, and criminal record check.

New Brunswick
Regulated by the Nurses Association of New Brunswick (NANB). Requires NCLEX-RN, language proficiency in English or French, and criminal record check.

Newfoundland and Labrador
Regulated by the College of Registered Nurses of Newfoundland and Labrador (CRNNL). Requires NCLEX-RN, proof of good character, English proficiency, and liability insurance.

Prince Edward Island
Regulated by the College of Registered Nurses and Midwives of Prince Edward Island (CRNMPEI). Requires NCLEX-RN, language proficiency, and criminal record check.

Territories
Often require provincial registration first, followed by territory-specific licensing requirements. Check with the individual territorial regulators for current requirements.

What Employers Look for in Canadian Nursing Resumes in 2026

Hiring managers vary depending on the setting. In hospitals, your resume may be reviewed by a nurse manager, HR recruiter, or department head. In private clinics, it could be the lead physician or clinic manager. In community health or long-term care facilities, it might be a director or head nurse who wears both administrative and clinical hats.

Across all settings in 2026, they look for:

• Current provincial licensure or documented proof it is in progress
• Relevant clinical experience in Canada or internationally
• Evidence of teamwork, communication, and patient advocacy
• Commitment to patient safety and evidence-based practice
• Adaptability in changing healthcare environments
• Ongoing professional development through certifications and continuing education
• Clear, ATS-friendly formatting with relevant clinical keywords
• Demonstrated cultural competence and inclusive care practices

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Hospitals

Who hires: Nurse managers, HR recruiters, department heads, clinical directors.

Advantages: Higher compensation, advanced technology, specialization opportunities, clear career progression pathways, union representation, comprehensive benefits packages.

Disadvantages: High pressure environments, mandatory shift work including nights and weekends, less autonomy in clinical decision-making, higher patient acuity.

Salary range (2026): In Ontario, the ONA provincial agreement sets RN wages from $46.91 to $67.24 per hour as of April 2026. Starting salaries typically range from $45–$48 per hour, with experienced nurses earning $60–$67 per hour. Nurse practitioners earn significantly more, with new minimum wage grids established in 2025. Total compensation including benefits can exceed $100,000 annually for experienced RNs.

Private Clinics and Medical Practices

Who hires: Clinic managers, lead physicians, practice owners, medical directors.

Advantages: Predictable schedules, smaller teams, closer long-term patient relationships, typically Monday to Friday hours, lower patient acuity.

Disadvantages: Lower compensation than hospitals, limited exposure to complex cases, fewer advancement opportunities, less access to specialized equipment or continuing education.

Salary range (2026): Typically $28–$42 per hour for RNs depending on clinic type, location, and services offered. Specialized clinics may pay at the higher end.

Community Health Centres and Long-Term Care Homes

Who hires: Facility directors, nurse supervisors, HR departments with clinical oversight, program managers.

Advantages: Long-term patient relationships, preventative care focus, smaller community settings, meaningful patient interaction, typically more autonomy in care planning.

Disadvantages: Limited resources, emotionally demanding cases, often lower salaries than acute care hospitals, staffing challenges, high regulatory oversight.

Salary range (2026): Typically $38–$48 per hour, with some positions offering salary-based compensation with benefits. Ontario's legislated direct care minimums in long-term care have helped stabilize RN positions in this sector.

Creating a Strong Nursing Resume for Canadian Employers

Step 1: Contact Information

List your full name, city and province, phone number, professional email address, and LinkedIn profile if you maintain one professionally.

Avoid including your full street address. City and province are sufficient in 2026. Ensure your email address is professional—firstname.lastname@emailprovider.com works well.

Step 2: Professional Summary

Keep it to three to five sentences. Highlight your nursing background, clinical specialties, years of experience, and what you bring to patient care and the healthcare team.

Example – Canadian-trained RN:

Registered Nurse with six years of progressive experience in emergency and medical-surgical units across Ontario hospitals. Skilled in rapid patient assessment, triage protocols, wound care management, and collaborative interdisciplinary care. Committed to evidence-based practice and continuous quality improvement in patient outcomes.

Example – Internationally educated nurse:

Registered Nurse educated in India with eight years of experience in acute care and critical care settings. Experienced in patient education, medication administration, infection prevention and control, and care coordination. Licensed with the College of Nurses of Ontario and eager to contribute clinical expertise to Canadian healthcare teams.

Example – New graduate nurse:

Recent Bachelor of Science in Nursing graduate from University of Toronto with clinical rotations in medical-surgical, pediatrics, and community health. Strong foundation in patient assessment, care planning, and therapeutic communication. Passionate about delivering compassionate, patient-centered care and committed to ongoing professional development.

Step 3: Education

List your nursing degree, institution, location, and graduation year. For recent graduates, include your degree first. For experienced nurses, education can be placed after work experience.

For Canadian degrees:

Bachelor of Science in Nursing
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Graduated: May 2020

For international degrees:

Always include credential evaluation details. This is critical for Canadian employers.

Bachelor of Science in Nursing
University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
Graduated: June 2014
Credential evaluated by World Education Services (WES) as equivalent to a Canadian Bachelor's degree in Nursing

Diploma in Nursing
Manipal College of Nursing, Karnataka, India
Graduated: April 2012
Credential evaluated through National Nursing Assessment Service (NNAS) as equivalent to Canadian nursing diploma

Step 4: Work Experience

List positions in reverse chronological order. Use Canadian job titles and terminology. Focus on achievements and patient outcomes, not just duties.

For each position, include:

• Job title
• Employer name and location
• Dates of employment (month and year)
• Three to five bullet points describing your responsibilities and achievements

Example – Canadian hospital role:

Registered Nurse – Medical-Surgical Unit
Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
March 2020 – Present

• Provide patient-centered care for 30-bed medical-surgical unit with diverse patient populations including post-operative, chronic disease management, and palliative care patients
• Administer medications safely via oral, IV, and IM routes while monitoring for adverse reactions and documenting in Epic electronic medical records system
• Collaborate with multidisciplinary teams including physicians, physiotherapists, social workers, and dietitians to improve patient recovery outcomes and reduce average length of stay
• Precept new graduate nurses and nursing students, providing mentorship and guidance on clinical skills, critical thinking, and professional practice standards
• Participate in unit quality improvement initiatives, including reduction of hospital-acquired infections and improvement of patient satisfaction scores

Example – International role adapted for Canadian context:

Staff Nurse – Intensive Care Unit
King Faisal Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
January 2015 – December 2019

• Delivered critical care to post-operative, trauma, and medically complex patients in 24-bed ICU setting with nurse-to-patient ratios of 1:2
• Operated advanced monitoring equipment including ventilators, cardiac monitors, infusion pumps, and hemodynamic monitoring systems
• Coordinated with physicians, respiratory therapists, and allied health staff for comprehensive treatment planning and family communication
• Maintained detailed patient records and participated in daily interdisciplinary rounds to optimize care delivery
• Responded to medical emergencies and code blue situations, providing advanced life support and stabilization interventions

Example – New graduate or entry-level role:

Registered Nurse – Float Pool
St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON
September 2024 – Present

• Provide nursing care across multiple units including medical, surgical, and rehabilitation, adapting quickly to different patient populations and unit protocols
• Conduct comprehensive patient assessments, develop individualized care plans, and implement evidence-based interventions
• Administer medications, perform wound care, and monitor patient responses to treatments
• Communicate effectively with patients and families to provide education on disease processes, medications, and discharge planning
• Maintain accurate documentation in Meditech electronic health record system

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Step 5: Clinical Skills and Keywords

This section is critical for ATS optimization. Include a mix of hard clinical skills, technical skills, and soft skills relevant to nursing practice.

Clinical Skills:

• Patient assessment and physical examination
• Triage and emergency response
• Medication administration (oral, IV, IM, subcutaneous)
• Wound care and dressing changes
• Infection prevention and control protocols
• Care planning and clinical documentation
• Palliative and end-of-life care
• Vital signs monitoring and interpretation
• IV insertion and management
• Catheterization and ostomy care
• Patient and family education
• Discharge planning and coordination

Technical Skills:

• Electronic Medical Records (Epic, Meditech, Cerner, PointClickCare)
• Ventilator management
• Cardiac monitoring and ECG interpretation
• Infusion pump operation
• Glucometer and point-of-care testing
• Oxygen therapy administration
• Nasogastric tube insertion and management
• Microsoft Office Suite
• Telehealth platforms

Soft Skills:

• Therapeutic communication
• Cultural competence and sensitivity
• Conflict resolution and de-escalation
• Time management and prioritization
• Critical thinking and clinical judgment
• Teamwork and collaboration
• Emotional intelligence and empathy
• Leadership and mentorship
• Adaptability and flexibility under pressure

Step 6: Certifications and Licenses

Include your provincial nursing license prominently. You may include your registration number if you are comfortable doing so, though it is not required on the resume itself.

Example format:

Licenses:

• Registered Nurse, College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO), Current
• Basic Life Support (BLS) Certification, Heart and Stroke Foundation, Expires June 2026
• Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS), Heart and Stroke Foundation, Expires September 2025

Certifications:

• Canadian Nurses Association Certification in Emergency Nursing (CEN), Current
• Trauma Nursing Core Course (TNCC), Valid until December 2026
• Non-Violent Crisis Intervention (NVCI), Completed October 2025

For internationally educated nurses who are in the licensing process:

Licenses:

• Registered Nurse (India), Valid 2010–2019
• NCLEX-RN examination passed, November 2024
• CNO licensure application in progress, expected completion March 2026
• Basic Life Support (BLS) Certification, Heart and Stroke Foundation, Current

Step 7: Volunteer Work and Professional Affiliations

This section demonstrates community engagement, leadership, and commitment to the profession beyond employment.

Volunteer Experience:

Volunteer Nurse
Seaton House Community Health Clinic, Toronto, ON
Monthly since January 2023

• Provide health assessments and basic care to individuals experiencing homelessness
• Deliver health education on chronic disease management, harm reduction, and nutrition
• Collaborate with community health workers and social services to connect clients with ongoing care

Professional Affiliations:

• Member, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO), 2020–Present
• Member, Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), 2021–Present
• Emergency Nurses Association of Ontario, 2022–Present

Tailoring Your Resume for Different Nursing Roles

Generic resumes rarely perform well in ATS systems or with hiring managers who review hundreds of applications. Tailor your resume for each position by:

1. Reading the job description carefully
Identify the must-have qualifications, clinical skills, and experience levels listed. Note specific keywords like "med-surg," "critical care," "palliative," "primary care," or specific certifications.

2. Matching keywords naturally
Incorporate relevant keywords from the job posting into your professional summary, skills section, and work experience. Do not force keywords unnaturally—they should fit the context of your actual experience.

3. Highlighting relevant experience first
If the role emphasizes emergency care, lead with your emergency department experience and relevant certifications. If it emphasizes patient education, highlight teaching experiences and community health work.

4. Adjusting your professional summary
Rewrite your summary for each application to emphasize the skills and experience most relevant to that specific role.

Special Advice for Internationally Educated Nurses

Translate international experience for Canadian context:

Use standard Canadian job titles even if your role was called something different abroad. For example, "Ward Sister" becomes "Charge Nurse" or "Unit Coordinator." Explain the size and scope of your facility to provide context—"350-bed tertiary care hospital" helps Canadian employers understand your experience level.

Use Canadian medical terminology:

Canadians say "medication" not "medicine," "IV" not "drip," and "anesthesia" not "anaesthesia" (unless writing in Canadian English where "anaesthesia" is acceptable). Review job postings to identify commonly used terms.

Highlight transferable skills:

Skills like patient assessment, medication administration, infection control, and interdisciplinary collaboration translate across all healthcare systems. Emphasize these universal competencies while adapting terminology.

Show credential evaluation prominently:

Always list your credential evaluation from WES or NNAS in your education section. This immediately signals to employers that your education meets Canadian standards.

Address licensure status clearly:

If you are in the licensing process, state this clearly. For example: "NCLEX-RN passed November 2024. CNO registration in progress, expected completion March 2026."

Demonstrate Canadian cultural competence:

If you have taken Canadian courses, attended workshops on the Canadian healthcare system, or volunteered in Canadian healthcare settings, include this. It shows commitment to understanding the local context.

Salary Expectations for Nurses in Canada in 2026

Understanding salary ranges helps you evaluate opportunities and negotiate effectively.

Registered Nurses (RNs) – Ontario:
According to the Ontario Nurses' Association provincial hospital agreement, RN hourly wages effective April 1, 2026, range from $46.91 (start rate) to $67.24 (top rate after eight years). The average salary across all experience levels is approximately $45.50 per hour or $94,000 annually for full-time positions. With shift differentials, overtime, and benefits, total compensation often exceeds $100,000 for experienced nurses.

Registered Practical Nurses (RPNs) – Ontario:
The new provincial RPN wage grid sets the start rate at $39.25 per hour as of April 2026, with progression through nine steps over eight years.

Nurse Practitioners – Ontario:
New minimum wage grids for NPs took effect in September 2025, with most earning between $50–$70 per hour depending on years of service, though many are salaried with total compensation packages ranging from $110,000 to $150,000 annually.

Regional variations:
Salaries in British Columbia, Alberta, and other provinces vary based on provincial collective agreements. Remote and northern communities often offer higher base salaries, northern allowances, and recruitment incentives. Job Bank Canada reports RN wages in Ontario range from $29.00 to $55.00 per hour depending on experience, setting, and location.

Private sector and clinics:
Private clinics and medical practices typically pay $28–$42 per hour for RNs, with less comprehensive benefits than public sector positions.

Networking to Boost Your Career

Once your resume is ready, effective networking amplifies your job search success.

Attend career fairs and recruitment events:
Many hospitals and health authorities host regular recruitment events. These provide direct access to hiring managers and recruiters.

Join professional associations:
Membership in the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Canadian Nurses Association, or specialty nursing groups provides access to job boards, mentorship programs, and professional development opportunities.

Use LinkedIn strategically:
Connect with nurse managers, clinical educators, and healthcare recruiters in your area. Share relevant articles, comment thoughtfully on posts, and maintain a professional profile that mirrors your resume.

Follow up with clinical placement supervisors:
If you completed clinical rotations or bridging programs in Canada, maintain contact with your supervisors. They can provide references and often know about job openings before they are posted publicly.

Request informational interviews:
Reach out to nurses working in your desired specialty or facility. Most are willing to share insights about their workplace and hiring process over a brief coffee meeting or phone call.

Networking helps you get your resume in front of decision-makers, which can be just as important as applying through online systems. Many positions are filled through internal referrals before they reach public job boards.

How Applicant Tracking Systems Work for Nursing Resumes

Most Canadian healthcare employers use applicant tracking systems to manage high volumes of applications. Understanding how these systems work helps you optimize your resume.

ATS software scans for:

• Exact keyword matches from the job description
• Standard section headings (Experience, Education, Skills, Certifications)
• Simple, clean formatting without graphics, tables, or text boxes
• Consistent date formats and clear job titles
• Relevant certifications and licenses

ATS-friendly formatting rules:

• Use standard fonts like Arial, Calibri, or Times New Roman in 10–12 point size
• Avoid headers and footers for critical information
• Use standard bullet points, not decorative symbols
• Save as .docx or PDF format (confirm which format the employer requests)
• Use simple section headings without creative styling

Keyword optimization:

• Include exact phrases from the job posting where truthful and relevant
• Use both acronyms and full terms (RN and Registered Nurse, IV and intravenous)
• Incorporate clinical skills, certifications, and software systems mentioned in the posting
• Include your provincial license designation exactly as it appears on official documents

For a detailed explanation of how ATS systems work in practice, read our guide on demystifying applicant tracking systems.

Resume Formatting Best Practices for 2026

Length:
One page for new graduates or nurses with less than five years of experience. Two pages for experienced nurses with diverse clinical backgrounds. Never exceed two pages unless applying for academic or research positions requiring publication lists.

File format:
Save as PDF to preserve formatting unless the job posting specifically requests .docx format. Name your file professionally: FirstName-LastName-RN-Resume.pdf.

Font and spacing:
Use professional fonts (Arial, Calibri, Garamond, or Times New Roman) in 10–12 point size. Maintain consistent spacing between sections. Use 1-inch margins on all sides.

Section order:
Contact Information, Professional Summary, Licenses and Certifications, Work Experience, Education, Skills, Volunteer Work (if relevant). For new graduates, place Education before Work Experience.

Consistency:
Use the same date format throughout (e.g., "January 2020 – Present" or "01/2020 – Present"). Keep verb tenses consistent—use past tense for previous positions, present tense for current role.

Visual clarity:
Use bold for section headings and job titles. Keep bullet points concise—one to two lines each. Use white space effectively to improve readability.

For more guidance on resume length and formatting, see our article on whether resumes should be one page or two pages.

Common Mistakes to Avoid on Nursing Resumes

Listing duties instead of accomplishments:
Instead of "Administered medications to patients," write "Administered medications safely to 15–20 patients per shift while maintaining zero medication errors over two-year period."

Using vague language:
Replace generic phrases like "excellent communication skills" with specific examples: "Educated patients and families on post-discharge care, resulting in 95% understanding rate based on teach-back assessments."

Including irrelevant information:
Omit unrelated jobs unless they demonstrate transferable skills. A university retail job from 10 years ago adds little value for an experienced RN.

Forgetting to proofread:
Spelling and grammar errors are unacceptable in healthcare. Have multiple people review your resume before submission.

Using unprofessional email addresses:
Create a professional email address using your name. Avoid nicknames, birth years, or informal handles.

Omitting quantifiable achievements:
Numbers provide context and impact. Include patient ratios, unit sizes, percentage improvements, or specific metrics wherever possible.

For a comprehensive list, review our guide on what not to do on your resume.

Building Your Resume with Yotru

Creating an ATS-optimized nursing resume that effectively presents your clinical experience, meets Canadian standards, and gets you interviews takes significant time and expertise. Yotru's AI-powered resume builder streamlines this process.

Yotru helps nurses:

• Identify and incorporate relevant keywords from specific job postings
• Format resumes for ATS compatibility automatically
• Translate international experience into Canadian-friendly language and terminology
• Store multiple targeted versions for different types of roles and specialties
• Generate achievement-focused bullet points that demonstrate patient care impact
• Ensure proper section ordering and formatting that meets healthcare employer expectations

Whether you are a new graduate starting your Canadian nursing career, an experienced RN seeking a specialty role, or an internationally educated nurse transitioning to the Canadian healthcare system, Yotru makes it faster and easier to create a resume that gets you in front of hiring managers.

Browse our collection of healthcare resume templates to see examples specifically designed for nurses and other healthcare professionals.

Related Resources

Resume Building & Optimization

• How to Build a Resume with No Work Experience: Step-by-Step Guide
• Make Your Resume ATS-Friendly in 5 Minutes: 2025 Guide
• Resume Colors: What to Use, What to Avoid, and Why It Matters More Than You Think
• 7 Traits All Great Resumes Possess

Skills & Career Development

• How Fresh Graduates Can Land a Good First Job
• Networking Strategies: How to Build Professional Connections That Last
• Interview Preparation Tips: How to Prepare and Impress Employers

Market Insights & Trends

• Hiring Trends in Ontario for 2026
• Hiring Trends in Canada for 2026

Yotru Tools & Templates

• Resume Builder – AI-powered tool that helps nurses create ATS-optimized resumes with relevant clinical keywords
• Healthcare Resume Templates – Professional templates designed specifically for nurses, healthcare professionals, and medical support staff
• Cover Letter Builder – Create tailored cover letters that complement your nursing resume

Ready to Build Your Canadian Nursing Resume

Your nursing career in Canada starts with a resume that clearly communicates your clinical competencies, meets provincial standards, and passes ATS screening systems. Whether you are applying to hospitals, clinics, or community health centres, a well-structured resume positions you for success.

Build Your Nursing Resume | Browse Healthcare Templates

About This Guide

This guide combines applied research on Canadian nursing workforce trends, analysis of provincial licensing requirements and collective bargaining agreements, public labour market data from Statistics Canada and the Canadian Institute for Health Information, and direct engagement with healthcare hiring systems across Canada. Information on salary ranges reflects publicly available collective agreement data from the Ontario Nurses' Association and Government of Canada Job Bank wage surveys as of December 2025.

The guide addresses both Canadian-trained and internationally educated nurses navigating real hiring systems in 2026. All recommendations align with current provincial regulatory standards and ATS optimization practices used by major Canadian healthcare employers.

About the Author

This article is written by the team at Yotru, which works within employability systems and applied research. Our work brings together career education, workforce development, applied research, and employability technology to better understand how education systems, labour markets, and real hiring practices operate in practice.

We collaborate closely with training providers, career services teams, non-profits, and public-sector organisations to translate research and policy frameworks into practical, scalable tools used in live employment and workforce programs.

Our background spans labour market analysis, career guidance, employer engagement, education technology, and workforce policy. This combination allows us to balance research rigour with delivery reality, supporting evidence-based, outcomes-focused employability systems designed for real hiring environments.

Follow the Yotru team on LinkedIn to stay connected with new research, practical insights, and updates from the field.

References

British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives (BCCNM). (2025). Registration requirements for registered nurses. Retrieved from https://www.bccnm.ca

Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions (CFNU). (2024). Nurse retention and workforce survey 2024. Retrieved from https://nursesunions.ca

Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). (2024). Nursing workforce trends in Canada. Retrieved from https://www.cihi.ca

Canadian Nurses Association (CNA). (2025). Health human resources and nursing shortages. Retrieved from https://www.cna-aiic.ca/en/policy-advocacy/advocacy-priorities/health-human-resources

College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO). (2025). Registration requirements for internationally educated nurses. Retrieved from https://www.cno.org

College of Registered Nurses of Alberta (CRNA). (2025). Becoming a registered nurse in Alberta. Retrieved from https://nurses.ab.ca

Government of Canada Job Bank. (2025). Wage report for registered nurses (R.N.) in Ontario (NOC 31301). Retrieved December 19, 2025, from https://www.jobbank.gc.ca/marketreport/wages-occupation/993/ON

McKendrick Calder, L., Topola, L., & Heuver, T. (2024). How the nursing shortage is affecting the health-care system, patients and nurses themselves. MacEwan University Research Insights. Retrieved from https://www.macewan.ca/campus-life/news/2024/05/news-conversation-nursing-shortage-24/

Ontario Nurses' Association (ONA). (2025). 2025 hospital provincial highlights: Compensation and wages. Retrieved from https://ona.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/2025HospitalProvincial_Highlights_20250905.pdf

Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO). (2024). CIHI data reveals critical nursing shortage in Ontario. Retrieved from https://rnao.ca/news/media-releases/cihi-data-reveals-critical-nursing-shortage-in-ontario

Statistics Canada. (2023). Nurses: Working harder, more hours amid increased labour shortage. Retrieved from https://www.statcan.gc.ca/o1/en/plus/4165-nurses-working-harder-more-hours-amid-increased-labour-shortage

Stelnicki, A. M., Carleton, R. N., & Reichert, C. (2020). Mental disorder symptoms among nurses in Canada. Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions. Retrieved from https://nursesunions.ca/research/mental-disorder-symptoms/

Tomblin Murphy, G., MacKenzie, A., Alder, R., Birch, S., Kephart, G., & O'Brien-Pallas, L. (2023). The crisis in the nursing labour market: Canadian policy perspectives. Healthcare Policy, 19(1), 42–58. https://doi.org/10.12927/hcpol.2023.27047

World Education Services (WES). (2025). Credential evaluation services for internationally educated nurses. Retrieved from https://www.wes.org

Article Metadata

First published: August 7, 2025
Last updated: December 24, 2025
Maintained by: Yotru Team
Review cycle: Quarterly

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